Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not necessarily. For HMRC, “difficult” means a competent professional could eventually do it with enough time. “Uncertainty” means that at the outset, a competent professional couldn’t say for sure if it was possible or how to achieve it . If you were experimenting and didn’t know if the tech would work, you likely have a valid claim.
Yes, potentially. Under the 2026 rules, the cost of software, data licences, and cloud computing services directly consumed in the R&D project can be included as a qualifying cost .
Absolutely. In fact, this is where R&D tax credits are most powerful. As a loss-making company, you can’t reduce your tax bill (you aren’t paying one), but under the ERIS rules (if you meet the intensity threshold) or the merged scheme, you can surrender those losses for a cash payment from HMRC . It’s non-dilutive funding for your growth.
Generally, you have two years from the end of your accounting period to make a claim . This means for the 2026 tax year, you can still amend claims for the previous two years if they are still open.
The AIF is a mandatory form introduced to improve compliance. It requires a detailed breakdown of your R&D projects, the uncertainties faced, and the costs incurred . Crucially, you must submit this form before you file your Corporation Tax return. If you don’t, your claim will be invalid .